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National Asylum Developments Database

 

The National Asylum Developments Database presents legislative, institutional and policy developments related to asylum since 2018.

Searches can be narrowed down by:

  • Country
  • Year
  • Type of development: legislative, institutional or policy 
  • Thematic area: access to procedure, access to information, legal assistance and representation, interpretation services, special procedures, procedures at first instance, reception of applicants for international protection, detention, procedures at second instance, country of origin information, statelessness in the asylum context, content of protection, return of former applicants, resettlement and humanitarian admission programmes.

Details on each development and further analysis can be consulted in the Asylum Report series.
 

Types of policies and practices reported in the National Asylum Developments Database

The National Asylum Developments Database can be searched by institutional, legislative and policy changes. There are three types of policy developments:

Policies and practices related to the integrity of national asylum systems aim to swiftly identify unfounded asylum applications and ensure that financial, human and administrative resources are not dissipated on such claims. These measures involve efforts to rapidly establish an applicant’s identity, including age, country of origin, travel route and security concerns if any. These facts help to better assess the credibility of the applicant’s statements and determine whether beneficiaries of international protection are still in need of protection. The prevention of unintentional misuse of the asylum procedure and its integrity are also supported by the provision of information to asylum applicants and beneficiaries of international protection on their respective rights and obligations and related procedural arrangements.

Policies and practices that improve the efficiency of national asylum systems include digitalisation and the use of new technologies in the framework of asylum, prioritising or fast-tracking applications, the re-organisation of the procedure itself or implementing changes in the number of staff employed.

Policy and practice aiming to enhance the quality of national asylum systems contribute to increasing fairness, integrity and efficiency. Quality assurance systems, guidance materials and capacity-building measures typically pay off on the initial investment and efforts. The initiatives include staff training, revising existing guidance materials and monitoring the quality of the decisions delivered.

The database presents validated factual information and does not imply any endorsement from the European Commission or EUAA.

Flag Country Year Type of development Thematic area Development Trier par ordre décroissant Source
Czech Flag Czech Republic 2019 Legislative Special procedures to process asylum applications Special procedures to process asylum applications 12 new countries were added to the national list of safe countries of origin: Algeria, Australia, Canada, Ghana, Georgia (excluding Abkhazia and South Ossetia), India, Moldova (excluding Transnistria), Morocco, New Zealand, Senegal, Tunisia and Ukraine (excluding Doneck and Luhansk Districts). CZ LEG 02 2019
Belgium Flag Belgium 2022 Policy Reception of applicants for international protection Reception of applicants for international protection 4,000 places were created in the reception system throughout 2022. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
France Flag France 2019 Policy Access to procedure icon Access to procedure 42 full-time equivalent positions were created and 1 200 contractor work-months were allocated to the préfectures to decrease the waiting times for appointments at the one-stop services (GUDA, Guichet unique pour demandeurs d'asile). EASO Asylum Report 2020
Belgium Flag Belgium 2019 Policy Reception of applicants for international protection Reception of applicants for international protection 5 411 new reception places were created. EASO Asylum Report 2020
Germany Flag Germany 2019 Legislative Detention Detention during the asylum procedure 500 additional return detention places were created in regular prisons – in separated premises from inmates - temporarily until 2022, next to the existing 500 special return places. DE LEG 03 2019
Greece Flag Greece 2020 Policy Reception of applicants for international protection Reception of applicants for international protection 67 hotel accommodation facilities were planned to be closed by the end of 2020, transferring residents to other inland structures. EASO Asylum Report 2021
Latvia Flag Latvia 2019 Policy Unaccompanied minors and vulnerable groups Unaccompanied minors and vulnerable groups 80 State Border Guard officers participated in training on unaccompanied minors and other vulnerable persons applying or not applying for asylum (upgraded training programme), “Profiling, interviewing and identification”. EASO Asylum Report 2020
Croatia Flag Croatia 2020 Policy Reception of applicants for international protection Reception of applicants for international protection A 3-year project providing psychosocial support for people residing in reception centres, conducted by the Croatian Red Cross and co-financed by AMIF, was started in February 2020. The project aims to improve the level of psychosocial support and social activities available in the reception centres. EASO Asylum Report 2021
Greece Flag Greece 2022 Legislative Processing asylum applications at first instance Processing asylum applications at first instance A bill proposed establishing a Fundamental Rights Officer in charge of assessing complaints of fundamental rights violations related to international protection procedures. The officer would refer the complainant to the relevant authorities where applicable. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
Luxembourg Flag Luxembourg 2022 Legislative Detention Detention during the asylum procedure A bill proposed the introduction of non-negligible risk of absconding as a reason for detention, specifying in what cases this risk is presumed. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
Greece Flag Greece 2022 Legislative Processing asylum applications at first instance Processing asylum applications at first instance A bill proposed to oblige the Asylum Service to obtain a health care professional’s advice for an applicant’s ability to be interviewed. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
Ireland Flag Ireland 2022 Legislative Applicants with special needs Persons with special needs in the asylum procedure A bill was adopted to modify the National Referral Mechanism for human trafficking. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
Luxembourg Flag Luxembourg 2022 Legislative Detention Detention during the asylum procedure A bill was introduced to the parliament proposing to extend the possibility of administrative detention to any illegally-staying foreigner who needs to be forcibly removed, including EU citizens and their family members who were issued a removal order. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
Netherlands Flag Netherlands 2022 Legislative Statelessness in the context of asylum Statelessness in the context of asylum A bill was passed for a new stateless determination procedure and another bill amended the Dutch Nationality Act to allow stateless children to apply for naturalisation after 5 years of habitual residence. The bills still need to be adopted by the Senate. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
Romania Flag Romania 2021 Policy Access to procedure icon Access to procedure A card document for asylum seekers was introduced, intended to prevent the circulation of forged documents. EUAA Asylum Report 2022
Italy Flag Italy 2022 Legislative Content of protection Content of protection A circular simplified the procedure for a refugee to marry in Italy: documentation from the country of origin is no longer needed. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
France Flag France 2019 Policy Processing asylum applications at first instance Processing asylum applications at first instance A collaborative tool (“TNV Asile”) was developed for prefectural asylum services. It enables practical information sheets to be disseminated, information to be shared, asylum policies to be updated and fosters better interaction between the heads of the one-stop services and Regional Dublin Procedure Hubs and the Directorate for Asylum. EASO Asylum Report 2020
Luxembourg Flag Luxembourg 2021 Policy Reception of applicants for international protection Reception of applicants for international protection A complete IT overhaul was implemented in the reception system. EUAA Asylum Report 2022
Bulgaria Flag Bulgaria 2022 Policy Applicants with special needs Persons with special needs in the asylum procedure A coordination mechanism was approved to facilitate communication among the authorities and organisations working with unaccompanied and separated children. EUAA Asylum Report 2023
Netherlands Flag Netherlands 2021 Policy Processing asylum applications at first instance Processing asylum applications at first instance A decision and departure moratorium was issued for Afghan nationals and ethnic Tigrayans from Ethiopia. EUAA Asylum Report 2022
France Flag France 2020 Legislative Applicants with special needs Persons with special needs in the asylum procedure A decree amended the terms of state-financing related to the reception of persons declaring to be unaccompanied children. EASO Asylum Report 2021
France Flag France 2019 Legislative The Dublin procedure The Dublin procedure A decree clarified the role and tasks of the préfectures concerning the Regional Dublin Procedural Hubs. FR LEG 01 2019
Italy Flag Italy 2020 Legislative Reception of applicants for international protection Reception of applicants for international protection A decree law aimed to regularise different residence and employment situations, including the irregular employment of applicants in agriculture, husbandry, fishing, personal assistance services and domestic work. EASO Asylum Report 2021
Luxembourg Flag Luxembourg 2020 Legislative Processing asylum applications at second or higher instance Processing asylum applications at second or higher instance A draft amendment of the Law on international protection and on temporary protection would introduce changes to appeal possibilities against a decision to withdraw international protection. The amendment would align appeals against withdrawals with those against refusals in the normal procedure for greater harmony, whereas currently an appeal against withdrawals falls under common law. EASO Asylum Report 2021
Slovakia Flag Slovakia 2021 Legislative Content of protection Content of protection A draft amendment to the Asylum Act and other related acts was adopted and put to public consultation, defining and regulating the initial integration of beneficiaries of international protection. The amendments are expected to enter into force in June 2022. EUAA Asylum Report 2022