Abbreviations and glossary

Table of contents

A • B • C • D • E • F • G • H • I • J • K • L • M • N • O • P • Q • R • S • T • U • V • W • X • Y • Z 

 

A

Artesh

Regular army

ASMLA

 Arab Struggle for Movement for the Liberation of Ahwaz
Asylum Procedures Directive Directive 2013/32/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection.

 

B

Basij Mobilisation


C

CJEU Court of Justice of the European Union
COI country of origin information

 

D

Diyeh Blood money paid to the victim or their closest relative


E

Efsad fil-arz A crime of 'corruption on Earth', punishable by death
EU European Union
EU+ Member States of the European Union plus Norway and Switzerland
EUAA European Union Agency for Asylum

 

F

FARAJA Law Enforcement Command of the Islamic Republic of Iran

 

H

hadd (plural: hudud) A category of crime under Islamic Law. Punishment for crimes against God prescribed in the Quran, sometimes punishable by death.
Herasat office A security service in the ministry of Intelligence 


I

IPA internal protection alternative
IRGC Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps

 

K

KDPI Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran
Kolbar Worker who transports goods on his/her back across the Iran, Iraq, Syria and Türkiye borders (mainly referring to Kurds)

 

L

LGBTIQ

LGBTIQ people are persons:

•    who are attracted to others of their own gender (lesbian, gay) or any gender (bisexual);
•    whose gender identity and/or expression does not correspond to the sex they were assigned at birth (trans, non-binary);
•    who are born with sex characteristics that do not fit the typical definition of male or female (intersex); and
•    whose identity does not fit into a binary classification of sexuality and/or gender (queer)
 

M

Moharebeh A crime of 'waging war against God', punishable by death


N
 

NGO Non-governmental organisation


P

PMOI/MEK/MKO People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI), also known as Mojahedin-e-Khalq (MEK) or Mojahedin-e-Khalq Organization (MKO)  

 

Q

QD

(Qualification Directive)

 Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted

QR

(Qualification Regulation)

 Regulation (EU) 2024/1347 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 May 2024 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection and for the content of the protection granted, amending Council Directive 2003/109/EC and repealing Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council
Qesas Retributive punishment for murder and other violent crimes

 

S

Sharia The religious law of Islam, Islamic canonical law
SOGIESC Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics
Sokhtbar Fuel carrier (mainly refers to Baluches)

 

T

Ta'zir Crimes punished at the discretion of the judge

 

U

UNHCR UN High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund
US United States of America
USDOS US Department of State

 

Z

Zina A criminal offence in Islamic law referring to unlawful sexual intercourse, fornication or adultery.