Common analysis

The contents of this part include:

• 1. General situation in Iran. 14

• 2. Actors of persecution or serious harm.. 15

• 2.1. The Iranian authorities. 15

• 2.2. Other actors. 16

• 3. Refugee status. 18

• General remarks. 19

• 3.1. Political dissent and opposition. 20

• 3.1.1. Members and sympathisers of opposition parties and movements (perceived as) critical of the Iranian authorities. 22

• 3.1.2. Protesters. 24

• 3.1.3. Human rights defenders, activists, and lawyers  26

• 3.1.4. Journalists and other media workers (perceived as) critical of the Iranian authorities. 28

• 3.2. Desertion from armed forces

• 3.3. Individuals perceived to have committed blasphemy and/or apostasy, including converts and atheists 

• . 30. 32

  3.4. Individuals perceived to have transgressed Islamic norms or laws. 34

• 3.5. Ethnic minorities. 36

• 3.5.1. Kurds, including Faili Kurds and Yarsan Kurds  37

• 3.5.2. Baluches. 38

• 3.6. Religious minorities. 40

• 3.6.1. Christians. 40

• 3.6.2. Baha’is. 42

• 3.7. Women and girls

• 3.8. Persons with diverse SOGIESC (also referred to as LGBTIQ persons) 

• 4. Subsidiary protection. 48

• 4.1. Article 15(a) QD/QR: death penalty or execution. 48

• 4.2. Article 15(b) QD/QR: torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment 50

• 4.3. Article 15(c) QD/QR: indiscriminate violence in situations of armed conflict 53

• 5. Actors of protection. 56

• 5.1. The State. 56

• 5.2. Parties or organisations. 58

• 6. Internal protection alternative. 59

• Preliminary remarks. 59

• 6.1. Part of the country. 59

• 6.2. Safety. 60

• 6.3. Travel and admittance. 61

• 6.4. Reasonableness to settle. 63

• 7. Exclusion. 67

• 7.1. Exclusion based on the commission of international crimes. 68

• 7.2. Exclusion based on the commission of a serious crime. 69

• 7.3. Exclusion based on acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations

• 7.4. Exclusion based on constituting a danger to the community or to the security of the Member State