- Introduction
- Guidance note
- Common analysis
- General remarks, including the implications of leaving Syria
- 1. Actors of persecution or serious harm
-
2. Refugee status
- Preliminary remarks
-
Analysis of particular profiles
- 2.1. Persons perceived to be opposing the government
- 2.2. Persons who evaded or deserted military service
- 2.3. Persons with perceived links to ISIL
- 2.4. Members of and persons perceived to be collaborating with the SDF and YPG
- 2.5. Persons perceived to be opposing the SDF/YPG
- 2.6. Persons fearing forced or child recruitment by Kurdish forces
- 2.7. Persons associated with the Government of Syria
- 2.8. Journalists, other media professionals and citizen journalists
- 2.9. Human rights activists
- 2.10. Doctors, other medical personnel and civil defence volunteers
- 2.11. Ethno-religious groups
- 2.12. Women
- 2.13. Children
- 2.14. LGBTI persons
-
3. Subsidiary protection
- 3.1. Article 15(a) QD
- 3.2. Article 15(b) QD
- 3.3. Article 15(c) QD
- 4. Actors of protection
- 5. Internal protection alternative
- 6. Exclusion
- Abbreviations and glossary
- COI references
- Relevant case law
This chapter addresses the EU-regulated status of subsidiary protection and the situations in which, where the applicant has not been found to qualify as a refugee, they may be eligible for subsidiary protection in accordance with Article 15 QD (see also Article 10(2) APD).
The contents of this chapter include:
>>> Under the section Article 15(a) QD, the analysis focuses on the applicable EU legal framework and the factual circumstances surrounding the ‘death penalty or execution’ in Syria.
>>> The section on Article 15(b) QD looks into the risk of ‘torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment’ in relation to particular circumstances in Syria.
>>> Under the section Article 15(c) QD, the analysis expands further and covers the different elements of the provision, looking into: ‘armed conflict’, ‘qualification of a person as a ‘civilian’’, ‘indiscriminate violence’, ‘serious and individual threat’ (where further individualisation elements are discussed), ‘qualification of the harm as ‘threat to life or person’’, and the interpretation of the nexus ‘by reasons of’. The sub-section on ‘indiscriminate violence’ includes an assessment of the situation in each governorate in Syria.