The judicial analysis is primarily intended for members of courts and tribunals of EU Member States concerned with hearing appeals or reviewing decisions on issues pertaining to the reception of applicants for international protection. It is assumed that the reader will be familiar with international protection law as implemented within the Common European Asylum System and with national law and practices relating to the reception of applicants for international protection in the Member State in which they have jurisdiction. This tool, however, is intended to be of use to both those with little or no prior experience of adjudication in this field and those who are experienced or specialist judges in the field.