In early August 2024 protests reignited,1777 now calling for the resignation of Hasina and her government.1778 In response, security forces made use of extensive and lethal force.1779
On 1 August 2024, the student movement launched the protest programme ‘Remembering our Heroes’,1780 in memory of victims of violence during the quota reform protests.1781 According to Prothom Alo, the programme was observed in at least 16 districts and cities and involved students, teachers, and lawyers. The same source reported on the police obstructing some protests, triggering chases and counter-chases.1782 Several protesters were also arrested.1783 At Rajshahi University a shuffle broke out when teachers tried to prevent police from arresting students on campus,1784 and two journalists were reportedly assaulted1785 by the police.1786
On 2 August 2024, the student movement announced a programme of prayers, followed by mass demonstrations.1787 Protests took place in Dhaka and other parts of the country,1788 involving hundreds of thousands of protesters.1789 Two people reportedly died during clashes, including one police officer,1790 and more than 100 people were injured, according to Benar News.1791 In some places, police fired rubber bullets and teargas1792 and opened fire on protesters as violence erupted.1793 Awami League supporters attacked protesters in parallel.1794 In Dhaka neighbourhoods, there were some protests taking place without reported clashes, including in Mirpur1795 and Shabagh – despite heavy presence of police and Awami League supporters.1796 In the Dhaka neighbourhood of Uttara, however, clashed erupted,1797 as police fired teargas and stun grenades,1798 and allegedly shot at protesters,1799 while protesters threw stones at them.1800 Awami League supporters also attacked protesters,1801 and reportedly beat women protesters with pipes and pistols.1802
Clashes also occurred outside Dhaka City,1803 including in the city of Khulna, where police fired teargas and rubber bullets,1804 which triggered clashes and chases.1805 50 persons were reportedly injured.1806 As the police failed to disperse protesters, they retreated from some situations.1807 Somoy TV reported on protesters attacking two police stations,1808 and Prothom Alo reported on four police officers being beaten ‘mercilessly’ after having opened fire at protesters from inside a shop at Gallamari Kitchen Market.1809 One police officer died from his injuries.1810 In the Akhalia, a neighbourhood in Sylhet City, police fired sound grenades,1811 rubber bullets1812 and lethal metal pellets,1813 injuring at least 20 people,1814 including a journalist being hit by three bullets1815 in his chest, face and head.1816 In the city of Habiganj, Sylhet Division, protesters clashed with police and Awami League supporters. Some protesters engaged in vandalism and torched the Awami League district office, and hurled bricks at the house of a local lawmaker.1817 According to Prothom Alo, police opened fire at students approaching them from two sides,1818 while the New Age reported on police firing rubber bullets and teargas shells.1819 In Lakshmipur, Chattogram Division, protesters clashed with Chhatra League and Jubo League activists,1820 and a man carrying firearms was seen chasing protesters.1821
On 3 August 2024, local media reported on an ‘outburst of protests’,1822 with blockades of various roads and intersections.1823 Violent clashes were reported in Dhaka City,1824 and in other parts of the country.1825 According to Netra News, at least two people died,1826 including one person killed during clashes in the city of Gazipur1827 and a police officer in the city of Khulna.1828 Hundreds more were injured as security forces shot at crowds.1829 In the city of Bogura, Rajshahi Division, protesters clashed with police firing teargas. Protesters retaliated by throwing bricks and other objects, followed by a chase during which police fired rubber bullets.1830 In the city of Rangpur, the police reportedly shot at protesters, killing seven and injuring 15.1831 In the city of Cumilla, Awami League supporters carried out attacks against protesters.1832 According to UN OHCHR, they were armed with firearms, machetes and iron rods and carried out attacks in ‘formations of about 60 men each’. According to the same source, the police did not intervene,1833 while at least 30 people were reportedly injured,1834 some being shot by bullets.1835
Some protesters engaged in violent acts.1836 In the city of Chattogram, protesters attacked the residence of the Minister of Education,1837 and the mayor’s residence, where one person was reportedly shot dead and five were injured by police fire.1838 An office of local media Ekattor TV was also attacked by a mob armed with sticks and stones,1839 and in Shahbagh, protesters reportedly hurled bottles at the police that retreated to a local police station, while the BGB took shelter inside the national museum.1840 In the cities of Sylhet and Khulna, many police officers were reportedly injured in clashes, and one officer died after being beaten by protesters in Khulna.1841 Students from Rajshahi University blocked Dhaka–Rajshahi highway, some vandalised a police box and beat up a DB officer.1842 According to Netra News, the police began retreating from the streets due to the magnitude of protests, and redeploying resources to protect police stations and key installations.1843
Hasina called upon student coordinators to negotiate and put an end to the violence,1844 but they rejected her calls.1845 Instead, they announced, in the afternoon of 3 August 2024,1846 that their only remaining demand was the government’s resignation.1847 They further announced that unless the government adhered, they would initiate a ‘non-cooperation movement’ on the following day (4 August 2024).1848 Meanwhile, junior military officers increasingly resisted orders to shoot at protesters, and informed the army chief of their unwillingness to do so.1849
- 1777
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 50
- 1778
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 50; Netra News, For Bangladesh’s stability, Hasina must step aside, 2 August 2024, url
- 1779
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 50
- 1780
Prothom Alo, Protesting students announce fresh programme 'remembering our heroes', 31 July 2024, url
- 1781
Daily Star (The), ‘Remembering Our Heroes': Quota protesters announce fresh programme, 31 July 2024, url
- 1782
Prothom Alo, Students against discrimination to hold ‘prayers and mass procession’ today, 2 August 2024, url
- 1783
Prothom Alo, Students against discrimination to hold ‘prayers and mass procession’ today, 2 August 2024, url; Daily Sun, ‘Remembering Our Heroes' programme: Police pick up 12 students of Barishal University, 1 August 2024, url
- 1784
New Age, Teachers-students scuffle with police at RU, 1 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, RU: Teachers intervene as DB men try to pick up students, 1 August 2024, url
- 1785
Prothom Alo, RU: Teachers intervene as DB men try to pick up students, 1 August 2024, url
- 1786
New Age, Teachers-students scuffle with police at RU, 1 August 2024, url
- 1787
Prothom Alo, Students against discrimination to hold ‘prayers and mass procession’ today, 2 August 2024, url
- 1788
Reuters, Thousands protest in Bangladesh demanding PM Hasina’s resignation, 2 August 2024, url; Netra News, For Bangladesh’s stability, Hasina must step aside, 2 August 2024, url; Benar News, 2 killed as Bangladesh protests swell; demands grow for PM Hasina’s resignation, 2 August 2024, url
- 1789
Netra News, For Bangladesh’s stability, Hasina must step aside, 2 August 2024, url; New Age, Protests all over, 2 August 2024, url
- 1790
AP, New protests in Bangladesh kill 2, keeping pressure on the government after 200 died in violence, 2 August 2024, url
- 1791
Benar News, 2 killed as Bangladesh protests swell; demands grow for PM Hasina’s resignation, 2 August 2024, url
- 1792
Benar News, 2 killed as Bangladesh protests swell; demands grow for PM Hasina’s resignation, 2 August 2024, url; Reuters, Thousands protest in Bangladesh demanding PM Hasina’s resignation, 2 August 2024, url
- 1793
New Age, Protests all over, 2 August 2024, url
- 1794
New Age, Protests all over, 2 August 2024, url; Reuters, Thousands protest in Bangladesh demanding PM Hasina’s resignation, 2 August 2024, url
- 1795
Dhaka Tribune, Protests, rallies held in Mirpur, 2 August 2024, url
- 1796
Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: Students leave Shahbagh declaring to continue program, 2 August 2024, url
- 1797
Le Monde, Bangladesh: Renewed protests against prime minister demand justice for 200 killed in violence, 2 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Student protests: Clash at Uttara, tear gas shells, sound grenades fired, 2 August 2024, url
- 1798
Dhaka Tribune, 15 injured as clash erupts in Uttara, 2 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Student protests: Clash at Uttara, tear gas shells, sound grenades fired, 2 August 2024, url
- 1799
New Age, Protests all over, 2 August 2024, url
- 1800
Le Monde, Bangladesh: Renewed protests against prime minister demand justice for 200 killed in violence, 2 August 2024, url; AP, New protests in Bangladesh kill 2, keeping pressure on the government after 200 died in violence, 2 August 2024, url
- 1801
New Age, Protests all over, 2 August 2024, url; Dhaka Tribune, 15 injured as clash erupts in Uttara, 2 August 2024, url
- 1802
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 94
- 1803
AP, New protests in Bangladesh kill 2, keeping pressure on the government after 200 died in violence, 2 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, 2 killed in mass processions, clashes across country, 3 August 2024, url
- 1804
AP, New protests in Bangladesh kill 2, keeping pressure on the government after 200 died in violence, 2 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Mass Procession: Massive clashes in Khulna, cop beaten dead, 3 August 2024, url
- 1805
Prothom Alo, Mass Procession: Massive clashes in Khulna, cop beaten dead, 3 August 2024, url; Dhaka Tribune, 16 injured in sporadic clashes during protest march in Khulna, 2 August 2024, url
- 1806
AP, New protests in Bangladesh kill 2, keeping pressure on the government after 200 died in violence, 2 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Mass Procession: Massive clashes in Khulna, cop beaten dead, 3 August 2024, url
- 1807
Prothom Alo, 2 killed in mass processions, clashes across country, 3 August 2024, url; Somoy TV, Satkhira ex-reserved seat MP Sejuti arrested, 20 May 2025, url
- 1808
Somoy TV, Satkhira ex-reserved seat MP Sejuti arrested, 20 May 2025, url
- 1809
Prothom Alo, 2 killed in mass processions, clashes across country, 3 August 2024, url
- 1810
Prothom Alo, Mass Procession: Massive clashes in Khulna, cop beaten dead, 3 August 2024, url; AP, New protests in Bangladesh kill 2, keeping pressure on the government after 200 died in violence, 2 August 2024, url
- 1811
Reuters, Thousands protest in Bangladesh demanding PM Hasina's resignation, 2 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Police open fire on 'mass procession' in Sylhet, 20 injured, 2 August 2024, url
- 1812
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 188; Business Standard (The), Police open fire on 'mass procession' in Sylhet, 20 injured, 2 August 2024, url
- 1813
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 188; Prothom Alo, Police open fire on 'mass procession' in Sylhet, 20 injured, 2 August 2024, url
- 1814
Reuters, Thousands protest in Bangladesh demanding PM Hasina's resignation, 2 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Police open fire on 'mass procession' in Sylhet, 20 injured, 2 August 2024, url
- 1815
IFJ, Bangladesh: IFJ demands protections for media workers as political instability continues, 6 August 2024, url
- 1816
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 188
- 1817
Prothom Alo, Protesters clash with police, Chhatra League in Habiganj, Awami League office torched, 2 August 2024, url; New Age, Protests all over, 2 August 2024, url
- 1818
Prothom Alo, Protesters clash with police, Chhatra League in Habiganj, Awami League office torched, 2 August 2024, url
- 1819
New Age, Protests all over, 2 August 2024, url
- 1820
Prothom Alo, 2 killed in mass processions, clashes across country, 3 August 2024, url; Business Standard (The), 10 injured as Chhatra League, Jubo League activists clash with protesters in Lakshmipur, 2 August 2024, url
- 1821
Prothom Alo, 2 killed in mass processions, clashes across country, 3 August 2024, url
- 1822
Business Standard (The), Protests all around, 3 August 2024, url
- 1823
Prothom Alo, Protesters block Mirpur-10, Uttara, 3 August 2024, url; Business Standard (The), Protests all around, 3 August 2024, url; Daily Star (The), Protesters take to the streets across country, 3 August 2024, url
- 1824
Bdnews24.com, Two more die in Khulna, Sylhet during nationwide mass protest rally, 3 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Protesters take position in Shahbagh, 3 August 2024, url
- 1825
Bdnews24.com, Two more die in Khulna, Sylhet during nationwide mass protest rally, 3 August 2024, url
- 1826
Netra News, Bangladesh’s protests refuse to subside as police open fire, 3 August 2024, url
- 1827
Prothom Alo, Man killed after caught in Gazipur clashes, 3 August 2024, url
- 1828
Bdnews24.com, Two more die in Khulna, Sylhet during nationwide mass protest rally, 3 August 2024, url
- 1829
Netra News, Bangladesh’s protests refuse to subside as police open fire, 3 August 2024, url
- 1830
Business Standard (The), Clashes erupt between police, protesters in Bogura, 3 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Protesters clash with police in Bogura, many injured, 3 August 2024, url
- 1831
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 122
- 1832
Prothom Alo, Protesters confront AL activists in Cumilla, 3 August 2024, url
- 1833
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 95
- 1834
Prothom Alo, Students come under attack in Cumilla, seven hit by bullets, one referred to Dhaka, 3 August 2024, url
- 1835
Prothom Alo, Five students shot as their procession faces Jubo League attacks, 3 August 2024, url; UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 95
- 1836
Prothom Alo, Protesters take position in Shahbagh, 3 August 2024, url; Bdnews24.com, Two more die in Khulna, Sylhet during nationwide mass protest rally, 3 August 2024, url
- 1837
Prothom Alo, Education minister’s house attacked, MP's residence torched in Chattogram, 3 August 2024, url
- 1838
Prothom Alo, Man dies after being shot in Chattogram, 4 August 2024, url
- 1839
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, para. 225
- 1840
Prothom Alo, Protesters take position in Shahbagh, 3 August 2024, url
- 1841
Bdnews24.com, Two more die in Khulna, Sylhet during nationwide mass protest rally, 3 August 2024, url
- 1842
Prothom Alo, Thousands of students gather on street in front of RU defying rain, 3 August 2024, url
- 1843
Netra News, Police retreat from Dhaka’s streets as students call for government resignation, 3 August 2024, url
- 1844
Prothom Alo, Ganabhaban door is open for students: PM Hasina, 3 August 2024, url
- 1845
Prothom Alo, AL wants to hold dialogue with students, coordinator refuses, 3 August 2024, url
- 1846
Daily Star (The), A chronicle of the July Uprising, n.d., url
- 1847
Daily Star (The), Quite now, protesters to govt, 3 August 2024, url; Prothom Alo, Students Against Discrimination declares one-point demand for govt’s resignation, 3 August 2024, url
- 1848
Daily Star (The), A chronicle of the July Uprising, n.d., url; Prothom Alo, AL wants to hold dialogue with students, coordinator refuses, 3 August 2024, url
- 1849
UN OHCHR, Human Rights Violations and Abuses Related to the Protests of July and August 2024 in Bangladesh, 12 February 2025, url, p. ii