This analysis is primarily intended for use by members of courts and tribunals of Member States concerned with hearing appeals or conducting reviews of decisions on applications for international protection. It aims to provide an analysis of how to interpret and apply the clauses for exclusion from refugee status, and the clauses for exclusion from subsidiary protection status, laid down respectively in Article 12 and Article 17 of Directive 2011/95/ EU (QD (recast)). Members of courts and tribunals may not deal with exclusion issues often. When they do, however, the cases may well be complex and sometimes high profile. Article 12 and Article 17 QD (recast) may also be relevant in cases concerning the revocation of, ending of, or refusal to renew refugee status or subsidiary protection status (Articles 14(3)(a) and 19(3)(a) QD (recast) respectively). In the nature of the exclusion provisions set out in Article 12 and Article 17, it is necessary to provide a thorough analysis that can assist practically in the handling of such cases