This chapter addresses the EU-regulated status of subsidiary protection and the situations in which, where the applicant has not been found to qualify as a refugee, they may be eligible for subsidiary protection in accordance with Article 15 QD (see also Article 10(2) APD). 

The contents of this chapter include:

Under the section Article 15(a) QD, the analysis focuses on the applicable EU legal framework and the factual circumstances surrounding the ‘death penalty or execution’ in Iraq.    The section on Article 15(b) QD looks into the risk of ‘torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment’ in relation to particular circumstances in Iraq.   Under the section Article 15(c) QD, the analysis expands further and covers the different elements of the provision, looking into: Preliminary remarks a. Armed conflict (international or internal) b. Qualification of a person as a ‘civilian’ c. Indiscriminate violence Indicators of indiscriminate violence Indiscriminate violence in Iraq Assessment by province d. Serious and individual threat e. Qualification of the harm as ‘threat to (a civilian’s) life or person f. Nexus/’by reason of’