Case law referenced in the common analysis
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Actors of persecution or serious harm
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Persecution (military evasion/ desertion)
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Note that on the topic of draft evasion, a relevant case is currently pending at the CJEU, EZ v Federal Republic of Germany, represented by the Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge, Case C‑238/19 (Request for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgericht Hannover (Administrative Court, Hanover, Germany).
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Reasons for persecution - religion
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Reasons for persecution - membership of a particular social group
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Article 12(1)(a) QD
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Article 15(b) QD
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Indiscriminate violence in relation to armed conflict (Article 15(c) QD)
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Internal protection alternative
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Exclusion
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For additional information on relevant case law see:
EASO Practical guides
Available at: /practical-tools
- EASO Practical Guide: Qualification for international protection
- EASO Practical Guide: Exclusion
- EASO Guidance on membership of a particular social group
Judicial analyses
Available at: /courts-and-tribunals
- Judicial analysis ‘Qualification for International Protection (Directive 2011/95/EU)’
- Judicial analysis ‘Article 15(c) Qualification Directive (2011/95/EU)’
- Judicial analysis ‘Exclusion: Articles 12 and 17 Qualification Directive (2011/95/EU)’