Relevant case law

Case law referenced in the common analysis
Actors of persecution or serious harm
Persecution (military evasion/ desertion)
Note that on the topic of draft evasion, a relevant case is currently pending at the CJEU, EZ v Federal Republic of Germany, represented by the Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge, Case C238/19 (Request for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgericht Hannover (Administrative Court, Hanover, Germany).
Reasons for persecution - religion
Reasons for persecution - membership of a particular social group
Article 12(1)(a) QD
Article 15(b) QD
  • CJEU, M’Bodj
Indiscriminate violence in relation to armed conflict (Article 15(c) QD)
Internal protection alternative
  • CJEU, X, Y and Z
  • CJEU, Y and Z
  • Sufi and Elmi
Exclusion

For additional information on relevant case law see:

EASO Practical guides

Available at: /practical-tools

  • EASO Practical Guide: Qualification for international protection
  • EASO Practical Guide: Exclusion
  • EASO Guidance on membership of a particular social group

Judicial analyses

Available at: /courts-and-tribunals  

  • Judicial analysis ‘Qualification for International Protection (Directive 2011/95/EU)’
  • Judicial analysis ‘Article 15(c) Qualification Directive (2011/95/EU)’
  • Judicial analysis ‘Exclusion: Articles 12 and 17 Qualification Directive (2011/95/EU)’