GUIDANCE NOTE
Last update: August 2023
A wide range of different groups and individuals can be considered as actors of persecution or serious harm in Somalia.
The following can be viewed as the main actors in Somalia:
State actors
- Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) security forces
- Federal Member States (FMS) forces and Somaliland forces
Read more in the common analysis
Non-State actors
- Al-Shabaab
- Clans and militias
- Islamic State in Somalia (ISS)
- ATMIS/AMISOM
- AFRICOM
Read more in the common analysis
- Other non-State actors
In specific situations, other non-State actors of persecution or serious harm may include the family or family/clan members (e.g. in the case of FGM/C, domestic violence, violence against LGBTIQ persons) or criminal groups.